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SECTION XI.
CULTIVATION of arable Lands —Confidered in Regard to thofe that have not been under thePlough, andfuch as have been in a State of Tillage —In the firjl Sort many preparatory Ope-rations neceffary to be performed .— Removalof various Obstructions to ploughing —Stones—Different Kinds of—-Ho<w befl performed—Neceffty of in different Cafes explained—May frequently be converted to ufeful Purpofes—Land Proprietors Jhould be at Part of the Ex-pence of. —Clearing from Wood— Different according to Circumfiances — Honu performedin Trees of the Timber Kind—By trenching with the Spade—By the Plough —When the Rootshave been fomewhat removed, a Crop may be taken—Afterwards more effectually cleared—Mojllya better Practice to do this at firjl—Reafon of which explained—Manner of in Plants of thefijrubby Kinds—Different Plants prefer different Sorts of Soil — Broom—Bramble — Furze —Thorn—Dwarf Willow—Soils on which each grows mofi luxuriantly defcribed—Alteration offby the Application of fuitable Subfiances, how advantageous in defraying them—Subfiances to beapplied in this View—Methods of extirpating them when grown large—The Practice of burn-ing in the furze Kind to be avoided as much as pojfible—Neceffary to keep fuch Lands in Tillage till there is Time to fully defray them—When laid down to Grafs, mofi beneficial to be paf-tured with Sheep .— Heath —Nature of the Land on which produced—Affords lefs vegetableMatter for Improvement of than other Plants—On this Account lefs friendly to the Growthof ufeful Crops—Practices to be adopted in removing it, and in bringing the Ground into Tillage —By cutting—By paring and burning—By burning only—What neceffary to be attended toin each—Implements mofi ufeful in cutting it—Lime neceffary to be applied to in its caufiic State—In large Proportions — Mr. Young s Opinion of—Manner of doing it—Should be in a finepowdery State, and equally fpread out—Soon produces beneficial Effects—Methods in which theyare effected—Tillage neceffary after—Cafes in which it may be defrayed without breaking up—Modes of cropping on in different Infiances—Principal Object in, to be laid down to Grafs —Green Crops to be eaten off, effintially neceffary to—Kinds of mofi ufeful in different Cafes —Turning down green Crops fometimes praClifed on—Not fo ufeful as feeding them on the Land—Cafes in which it may be employed—Should be returned as foon as pojfible to Grafs—Other