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The complete farmer or a general dictionary of husbandry in all its branches : containing the various methods of cultivating and improving every species of land, according to the precepts of both the old and new husbandry : comprising every thing valuable in the best writers on this subject, viz. Linnaeus, Chateauvieux, the marquis of Turbilly, Platt, Evelyn, Worlidge, Mortimer, Tull, Ellis, Miller, Hale, Lisle, Roque, Mills, Young, &c. : together with a great variety of new discoveries and improvements : also the whole business of breeding, managing, and fattening cattle of all kinds; and the most approved methods of curing the various diseases to which they are subject : together with the method of raising bees, and of acquiring large quantities of wax and honey, without destroying those laborious insects : to which is added the gardener's kalendar, calculated for the use of farmers and country gentlemen
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I

THE

COMPLETE FARMER:

O R, A '

GENERAL DICTIONARY

O F

HUSBANDRY.

ABE

A BELE-TREE, a species of poplar, growing na-turally in all the temperate parts of Europe, andcalled by botanists populus foliis lobatis dentatissubus tomentofis.

The leaves of the abele-tree are large, and dividedinto three, four, or five lobes, which are indented ontheir edges, of a very dark colour on their upper fide,but very white and downy on their under, standing uponfoot-stalks about an inch long. The young brancheshave a purple bark, and are covered with a white down ;but the bark of the stem and older branch is grey. Inthe beginning of April, the male flowers or catkins ap-pear, which are cylindrical, scaly, and about three incheslong; about a week after come out the female flowers,or catkins, which have no stamina like those of themale. Soon after these come out, the male catkins falloft, and in five or fix weeks after, the female flowers willhave ripe feeds inclosed in a hairy covering ; then the cat-kins will drop, and the feeds will be wafted by the windsa great distance. This tree is often confounded with

the white poplar ; but they are in reality distinct spe-cies.

The abele-tree may be propagated either by layers orcuttings, which will readily take root, or by suckers,which they fend up from their roots in great plenty.The best time for transplanting these suckers is in Octo-ber, when their leaves begin to decay. These may be

ABE

placed in a nursery for two or three years to get strertgtkbefore they are planted out where they are designed toremain ; but if they are propagated from cuttings, it isbetter to defer the work till February, at which timetruncheons of two or three feet long should be thrustabout a foot and a half into the ground. These will rea-dily take root, and if the foil, in which they are plant-ed, be moist, will arrive to a considerable bulk in a fewyears.

A considerable advantage may be made by plantingthese trees upon boggy foils, where few other trees willthrive. Many such places there are in England, whichdo not at present bring in much money to their owners;whereas, if they were planted with these trees, theywould in a very few years, be of more value than theground, clear of all expences ; but there are many per-sons, who think nothing, except corn, worth cultivat-ing in England ; or, if they plant timber, it must be oak,ash, or elm ; and if their land be not proper for eitherof these, it is considered as of little value: whereas, ifthe nature of the foil was examined, and proper forts ofplants adapted to it, there might be very great advantagesmade of several large tracts of land, which at .this timelie neglected.

The wood of the abele-tree is very good for floors,where it will last many years, and for its exceedingwhiteness is, by many persons, preferred to oak ; butB being

 
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